Phylogenetic Relationship of Genus Microhyla (Amphibia, Anura) in Sunda Shelf including Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Peninsular Malaysia as revealed by 16S rRNA mtDNA Gene Sequences

Authors

  • Anggun Sausan Firdaus Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang
  • Nursita Ratih Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang
  • Is Karima Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang
  • Arfan Tri Kusuma Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang
  • Ngakan Made Suastika Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Sciences Faculty, Brawijaya University, Malang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11594/

Keywords:

Microhyla, Phylogenetic, Sundaland

Abstract

Sundaland was a single large landmass during Pliocene and Pleistocene period and consisted of Java, Borneo, Sumatra, Malay-Peninsula and others smaller island. We used 26 partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial DNA genes 16S rRNA from taxa of Microhylidae (23 genus Microhyla and 3 outgroups) from GenBank. We aligned sequences using MEGA 5 software. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) with 1000 bootstraps. Our results reveal three monophyletic clades which are not supported: clade A (all Sundaland, including M. malang, M. borneensis, M. mantheyi, M. achatina, M. berdmorei, M. superciliaris, and M. palmipes); clade B (from Borneo and Malay Penisular, including M. annectens, M. perparva, and M. petrigena); and clade C (consists of outgroup species, Metaphrynella pollicaris, Chaperina fusca, and Kalophrynus heterochirus). Clade A reveal three subclades with unresolved relationship: AI (M. malang, M. borneensis, M. mantheyi, M. achatina, and M. berdmorei), AII (M. supercilliaris), and AIII (M. palmipes). Clade B reveal two well-supported subclades: BI (M. annectens) and BII (M. perparva and M. petrigena). Our results show that phylogenetic within genus Microhyla was mostly affected by species distributions.

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Published

2018-02-27

How to Cite

[1]
Anggun Sausan Firdaus, Nursita Ratih, Is Karima, Arfan Tri Kusuma, and Ngakan Made Suastika, “Phylogenetic Relationship of Genus Microhyla (Amphibia, Anura) in Sunda Shelf including Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Peninsular Malaysia as revealed by 16S rRNA mtDNA Gene Sequences”, Bioinform. Biomed. Res. J. , vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1–6, Feb. 2018, doi: 10.11594/.